国医大师张志远应用茯苓药对经验拾萃

国医大师张志远积累了丰富的临床用药经验,张老知药而用,并重视药物配伍。从药性及经验药对方面对张老应用茯苓经验进行论述,如茯苓配伍甘草治疗惊悸不安,茯苓配伍泽泻治疗痰饮水肿,茯苓配伍天麻治疗头眩耳鸣,茯苓配伍麻黄治疗痰饮咳嗽,拓宽了茯苓应用范围,将其灵活准确运用于诸多疾病的治疗,效果显著。     

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database

Abstract

Well-documented, up-to-date, scientific information regarding the use of herbal medicines can be difficult to find. This article reviews the Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Web sites. The Web sites contain a large database of information regarding herbal medicines.     

Non-clinical efficacy-related studies for human medicines: An overview and retrospective analysis of data for a group of approved medicines

The lack of efficacy is a major cause of medicine's development failure at the clinical phase, which may lead to question, among other aspects, the translation of the non-clinical data into humans. The objectives of the work here presented were (i) to get an overview (based on public assessment reports) of the nature of the non-clinical efficacy-related studies presented to the regulatory authorities at the marketing authorization application's stage for a group of approved anticancer human medicines (15 in total) and (ii) to conduct a retrospective analysis of such studies in terms of any identified insufficiencies and consistency with the current regulatory non-clinical guidelines. Each medicine has been tested in a number of in vitro assays and animal studies, which, all together, are judged to be capable of providing information on the activity of the active substance and demonstrating an anti-tumour effect, as well as to be generally consistent with the available, although limited detailed, guidance. In spite of this, some aspects were identified which could have a potential impact on the translation on non-clinical data into humans, namely, apparent insufficiencies in terms of animal model/human bridging data/knowledge and in vivo data on pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics relationships.     

妊娠期妇女使用中成药的疗效及子代安全性评价

目的：通过评价妊娠期妇女使用中成药的疗效及子代安全性,探讨建立中成药妊娠期循证医学证据体系的必要性。方法：选取2016年某院门诊使用中成药的妊娠期妇女纳入研究,随访周期为1年,从药品、患者年龄、妊娠情况、生产方式、新生儿情况等方面进行统计分析,与课题研究期间某院全部出生新生儿的数据为对照,统计两组之间是否存在显著性差异。结果：研究组入组患者720人,随访结果204人,分析结果显示研究组和研究亚组新生儿体质量、性别比例和流产情况与对照组无统计学差异。结论：本研究所涉及的10种中成药对妊娠期妇女使用总体上是安全的,个别品种出现的异常情况还需进一步研究。     

尤昭玲教授运用炒炭类药物治疗子宫切口假腔经验

子宫切口假腔即剖宫产术后子宫切口憩室,该病作为剖宫产术后的远期并发症之一,严重影响育龄妇女的身心健康,属于现代临床中较难治愈的妇科疾病之一。目前,现代医学对此尚无确切有效且系统的治疗方法。根据患者的临床症状,可归纳为"经期延长"、"崩漏"、"月经过多"等范畴。尤昭玲教授认为,气虚不摄,瘀热互结是本病基本病机,自创"三期三法"诊疗理论,运用炒炭药收涩、止血、抗炎等功效治疗子宫切口假腔,在临床治疗中疗效显著。     

麻黄-甘草药对抑制过敏性哮喘的效应及机制初探

目的 研究麻黄-甘草药对对过敏性哮喘的影响,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法 建立屋尘螨（HDM）诱导的过敏性哮喘模型,造模同时给予麻黄-甘草药对提取物（MG）。使用无创肺功能仪检测小鼠气道反应性,HE染色观察小鼠肺组织病理学变化,Masson染色观察小鼠肺组织的胶原沉积情况,进行血液嗜酸性粒细胞（EOS）计数,ELISA法检测支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）及肺组织IL-4、IL-5、IL-13、TGF-β1及血清IgE的表达,免疫组化检测肺组织E-cadherin、N-cadherin、Vimentin、α-SMA和TGF-β1蛋白表达情况。结果 MG可显著降低气道高反应性,抑制BALF及肺组织IL-4、IL-5和IL-13的表达,降低血液EOS及血清IgE的表达,并且减轻肺组织的炎症浸润及胶原沉积。进一步结果表明MG可抑制肺组织TGF-β1的表达,上调E-cadherin以及下调N-cadherin、Vimentin、α-SMA的表达。结论 MG能够通过抑制支气管上皮间质转化,从而缓解气道的炎症状态以及改善哮喘的气道重塑,进而发挥对过敏性哮喘的治疗作用。